Butane Cylinder
Butane is a colorless gas with a specific characteristic odor, an organic substance of the alkane class (the chemical formula is C4H10). Butane is low-toxic, has narcotic properties, causes hallucinations when inhaled deeply and repeatedly, and has a harmful effect on the nervous system. It is liquefied at a temperature of -0.5°C and freezes at a temperature of -138 °C. Butane is flammable and explosive, it forms explosive mixtures with air at vapor concentrations from 1.8% to 9.1% at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and temperatures from 15°C to 20°C. Butane is obtained by refining petroleum products, separating associated petroleum gas, combination gas, and can be synthesized in small quantities in the laboratory.
APPLICATION:< / strong>< / strong>< / p>< / p> • mixed with propane in liquefied state it is used in lighters, in gas cylinders as a fuel, including motor fuel; • as a feedstock for the production of butene, 1.3-butadiene; • as a component of unleaded gasoline; • as a refrigerant in refrigeration systems (high-purity butane). Requirements for transportation, storage and use of cylinders for butane are established by the Federal standards and regulations in the field of industrial safety "Regulations of industrial safety for hazardous facilities using equipment operating under excessive pressure", GOST R 52087-2018 "Hydrocarbon liquefied fuel gases. Technical specifications", GOST 33012-2014 (ISO 7941:1988) "Commercial propane and butane. Determination of the hydrocarbon composition by gas chromatography", fire safety standards, as well as other laws and regulations and international agreements in force on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Cylinders are not hazardous cargo until they are taken into use, but in any case they should be transported in conditions that exclude mechanical damage. Cylinders filled with butane shall be transported by rail, road and water transport in accordance with the regulations on transportation of dangerous goods, applicable to the relevant mode of transport. The cylinders shall be transported in a horizontal position with gaskets between the cylinders or in a vertical position necessarily with a guard against possible falling. The cylinders must be transported with caps screwed on.
Cylinders designed for storage and transportation of butane must not be used for storage and transportation of other gases, and it is prohibited to perform any operations that may contaminate their internal surface and degrade the physical and chemical properties of the gas. It is forbidden to make any modifications to the cylinder bodies using welding or mechanical tools, which can lead to damage to the integrity or appearance of defects that degrade the technical characteristics of the cylinders. When using cylinders for butane it is not allowed to install them in the places of people passage, movement of goods and passage of vehicles. All industrial premises where butane is used must be provided with ventilation that meets the requirements of GOST 12.4.021. The content of chemical substances in the air of the working area should not exceed the sanitary and hygienic standards according to GOST 12.1.005. The maximum permissible concentration of butane in the air of the working area of production facilities is 300 mg/m3. When working in environments slightly exceeding the maximum permissible concentration of butane, it is necessary to use industrial filtering gas masks with a filter box of grade A or boxes with protection against harmful substances marked AVER with the appropriate protection classes, at high concentrations - hose isolating gas masks with forced air supply or isolating air breathing apparatuses. When filling cylinders with butane, the mass of gas in the filled cylinder should not exceed 0.488 kg per 1 dm3 of the cylinder capacity. The gas in the cylinders must not be completely consumed when in use. The residual gas pressure in the cylinder must be at least 0.05 MPa (0.5 kgf/cm2). The use of cylinders with butane in the horizontal position is not allowed.
Cylinders filled with butane are stored in special warehouses or in outdoor areas under a shelter that protects the cylinders from precipitation and direct sunlight. Warehouses and outdoor areas must be located within the lightning protection zone. In the premises where the cylinders filled with butane are stored, it is prohibited to handle open flame; electrical networks and artificial lighting must be of explosion-proof design. Do not use tools that produce sparks on impact. Cylinders designed for transportation and storage of butane must be protected against static electricity in accordance with GOST 12.1.018. It is forbidden to store cylinders with butane and oxygen in the same room, it is forbidden to store cylinders in the room where the technological process of using butane contained in them is carried out. Storage of cylinders should be carried out with the caps screwed on.